Assembly
1949Assembly language is the thin layer between human-readable code and raw machine instructions. Every program, regardless …
Unearthing programming languages from the popular to the obscure
Discover how languages old and new still run on modern machines — macOS, Windows, and Docker. From FORTRAN to Rust, every language has a story to tell.
// 1957 - FORTRAN
WRITE(*,*) 'Hello, World!'
// 1972 - C
printf("Hello, World!\n");
// 1995 - Java
System.out.println("Hello!");
// 2015 - Rust
println!("Hello, World!");Start your journey through programming history
Assembly language is the thin layer between human-readable code and raw machine instructions. Every program, regardless …
Java is one of the most influential programming languages ever created. Designed with the philosophy of “Write …
BASIC (Beginner’s All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) is a family of general-purpose, high-level programming …
Carbon is an experimental programming language designed at Google as a potential successor to C++. Announced publicly in …
C is arguably the most influential programming language ever created. Developed in 1972 by Dennis Ritchie at Bell Labs, …
Fortran (FORmula TRANslation) holds a unique place in computing history as the first widely adopted high-level …
Recent explorations and discoveries
Profan (later Profan² and, from version 8, XProfan) is a German BASIC-flavoured language for writing Windows programs that Roland G. Hülsmann of Nußloch released as shareware in mid-1992 and sold and extended for the next quarter-century. It pairs an interpreter for quick scripting with a compiler that emits compact bytecode linked to a runtime, adds objects, OpenGL, SQL, JSON and an inline assembler along the way, and remains 32-bit-only; the last release, XProfan X4 of May 2018 with a patch in September 2018, has had no successor, though the German user forums are still active
Read more →ProvideX is a Canadian Business BASIC - an interpreted, tokenised language bundled with its own keyed-file database, GUI toolkit, thin clients and ODBC driver - that Mike King's Sybex Ltd of Markham, Ontario released in 1992 as the Windows successor to its Sybex Business Basic, that State of the Art, publisher of MAS 90 (today's Sage 100), bought in 1997, and that was retired at the end of 2011, a year after Sage handed the product line back to its author, whose PVX Plus Technologies continues it as PxPlus
Read more →A comprehensive catalog of 1,200+ programming languages from computing history, with dates, status, paradigms, and categories.
Read more →pine (パイン, short for 'programming in the net') was a small, PHP-flavoured, browser-based scripting language written by a Japanese hobbyist known only as 'uechi' for their own make-a-program website, mkprog.jp. Its entire surviving public record is one 99 Bottles of Beer program submitted on 12 July 2012 and a single one-paragraph help page captured by the Wayback Machine; the site, the domain and the language itself have since vanished
Read more →Pointy is a six-instruction Turing tarpit posted to the Esolang wiki on 10 June 2006 by Sophie Swett (writing as Ihope127), in which 'the basic datatype is the pointer': every operand is a memory address, a value is read by prefixing it with *, and the only control flow is a decrement that jumps when it finds a zero. Marinus Oosters wrote a C interpreter and a 99 Bottles of Beer program for it in July 2006; the language has not changed since, and its master-list entry as a 2011 object-oriented web language is wrong on every count
Read more →π ('a pattern language') is a research language from Roman Knöll and Mira Mezini's Software Technology Group at TU Darmstadt in which the only construct is the pattern: an EBNF-style syntax rule with an attached meaning, declared at run time and immediately usable as if it had always been part of the language. Grown out of the Pegasus naturalistic-programming project, presented in the Onward! track of OOPSLA 2009 in Orlando and released as a Java-based interpreter (the last announced version, 0.8, in January 2010), it aimed to be a language that is fully syntactically and semantically extensible from within itself - a language-design tool as much as a programming language. Its website has not changed since mid-2011
Read more →Every language guide includes working code examples, Docker images for instant setup, and progressive tutorials from Hello World to advanced topics.