Assembly
1949Assembly language is the thin layer between human-readable code and raw machine instructions. Every program, regardless …
Unearthing programming languages from the popular to the obscure
Discover how languages old and new still run on modern machines — macOS, Windows, and Docker. From FORTRAN to Rust, every language has a story to tell.
// 1957 - FORTRAN
WRITE(*,*) 'Hello, World!'
// 1972 - C
printf("Hello, World!\n");
// 1995 - Java
System.out.println("Hello!");
// 2015 - Rust
println!("Hello, World!");Start your journey through programming history
Assembly language is the thin layer between human-readable code and raw machine instructions. Every program, regardless …
Java is one of the most influential programming languages ever created. Designed with the philosophy of “Write …
Carbon is an experimental programming language designed at Google as a potential successor to C++. Announced publicly in …
C is arguably the most influential programming language ever created. Developed in 1972 by Dennis Ritchie at Bell Labs, …
Fortran (FORmula TRANslation) holds a unique place in computing history as the first widely adopted high-level …
BASIC (Beginner’s All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) is a family of general-purpose, high-level programming …
Recent explorations and discoveries
A small 2006 esoteric language by Seirian J. Pardoe, known today only from a single two-dimensional 99 Bottles of Beer program. Its Visual Basic interpreter has been lost.
Read more →Chris Pressey's 2009 esoteric machine language with a single MOV instruction, in which every operation, even structured loops, is triggered by writing to a memory-mapped register.
Read more →An ETH Zurich research language in the Pascal, Modula-2 and Oberon line, built for .NET, that replaces class inheritance with definitions and aggregated implementations and makes concurrency part of objects through active objects and syntax-controlled dialogs.
Read more →Zope's attribute-based HTML/XML template language, made up of TAL, TALES and METAL, which keeps templates valid markup that designers can open in ordinary web editors.
Read more →A formal specification language built on typed set theory and first-order logic, created by Jean-Raymond Abrial in 1977 and refined at Oxford into one of the most influential formal methods of the 1980s and 1990s.
Read more →A comprehensive catalog of 1,200+ programming languages from computing history, with dates, status, paradigms, and categories.
Read more →Every language guide includes working code examples, Docker images for instant setup, and progressive tutorials from Hello World to advanced topics.