Assembly
1949Assembly language is the thin layer between human-readable code and raw machine instructions. Every program, regardless …
Unearthing programming languages from the popular to the obscure
Discover how languages old and new still run on modern machines — macOS, Windows, and Docker. From FORTRAN to Rust, every language has a story to tell.
// 1957 - FORTRAN
WRITE(*,*) 'Hello, World!'
// 1972 - C
printf("Hello, World!\n");
// 1995 - Java
System.out.println("Hello!");
// 2015 - Rust
println!("Hello, World!");Start your journey through programming history
Assembly language is the thin layer between human-readable code and raw machine instructions. Every program, regardless …
Java is one of the most influential programming languages ever created. Designed with the philosophy of “Write …
BASIC (Beginner’s All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) is a family of general-purpose, high-level programming …
Carbon is an experimental programming language designed at Google as a potential successor to C++. Announced publicly in …
C is arguably the most influential programming language ever created. Developed in 1972 by Dennis Ritchie at Bell Labs, …
Fortran (FORmula TRANslation) holds a unique place in computing history as the first widely adopted high-level …
Recent explorations and discoveries
Jarrett Billingsley's 2006 scripting language for embedding in D programs - a Lua-like, dynamically typed language with C-style syntax, Squirrel-style classes, a D-style module system, coroutines and a Pyd-like binding library, written entirely in D 1 on Tango, released as 1.0 in 2007 and 2.0 in 2009, and renamed Croc in 2011
Read more →Joe Austin's tag-based server-side web language for e-commerce - born in 1993 as LEHTML, commercialised as HTMLScript in 1996, renamed Miva Script on 14 October 1997, compiled to bytecode for the Empresa virtual machine since 2002, and still the language underneath the Miva Merchant shopping cart, with engine 5.52 downloadable in 2026
Read more →Mike Hore's public-domain, native-code object-oriented Forth for the Macintosh - a complete reimplementation of Kriya Systems' Neon that added multiple inheritance and an optimising compiler, and that followed the Mac from the 68000 through PowerPC (PowerMops) to Intel (iMops) over almost four decades
Read more →The prototype-based, persistent object language inside LambdaMOO - written by Stephen White in 1990, rebuilt by Pavel Curtis at Xerox PARC, the substrate of the first large online communities (LambdaMOO, MediaMOO, MOOSE Crossing), and still developed today in the ToastStunt and mooR servers
Read more →The Mozart Programming System is the open-source implementation of Oz 3, the multi-paradigm research language from DFKI, SICS and UCLouvain that unified functional, dataflow-concurrent, object-oriented, constraint and distributed programming in one kernel language - the platform behind the textbook Concepts, Techniques, and Models of Computer Programming
Read more →A comprehensive catalog of 1,200+ programming languages from computing history, with dates, status, paradigms, and categories.
Read more →Every language guide includes working code examples, Docker images for instant setup, and progressive tutorials from Hello World to advanced topics.